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MmWave spectrum is a higher risk-reward option as there is significant capacity available above 20 GHz, but deployments so far have proven challenging.

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“I think some of these other bands … there’s clearly spectrum opportunity, and I think the industry is going to have to figure out how to make better use of some of those assets,” Neville Ray, president of technology at T-Mobile US and chairman of the 5G Americas Board of Governors, said of this mid-band opportunity. Nokia’s Kynäslahti labeled this spectrum as a “golden band,” and explained that setting aside a consistent band worldwide would allow for considerable economies of scale toward deployments. Specifically, vendors cited spectrum in the 7 GHz to 15 GHz bands as being ripe for possible global federation to support 6G services. There is more of a focus on mid-band spectrum.

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The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) went that route to free up spectrum in the 600 MHz band as part of a complex reverse-bidding process. “That’s a really complicated conversation with the broadcasters but it is something that is always challenging that needs to be looked at.” There is a “need to look at low band,” Luciana Camargos, head of spectrum for industry trade group GSMA, explained during a 6G spectrum panel discussion. Some of those bands have already been allocated to mobile operators and will need to be re-farmed to support 6G, though there could be opportunities to free up resources that are currently held by television broadcasters. The challenge for 6G is that there is little new low-band spectrum that can be directed toward the mobile communications space.

This typically involves low-band spectrum below 1 GHz that provides significant propagation characteristics for coverage a mid-band of spectrum between 1.5 GHz and 15 GHz that is a mix of capacity and modest coverage and then high-band, millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum above 20 GHz that typically has a lot of capacity but struggles with coverage. Operators have tended to use the “layer-cake” analogy when describing their spectrum needs. “We definitely pound the table for more spectrum,” Chris Pearson, president of industry trade group 5G Americas, emphatically said during an interview. The need for more spectrum, regardless of where it’s located on the spectrum chart, was mentioned by many at the event. This will allow operators to stitch together their increasingly diverse spectrum holdings to provide more capacity and speed to end-users. The biggest capacity advantage for 6G should be in its ability to support broader spectrum bands into a single channel.

That is significant as it will allow operators to support more data-intensive use cases from their constrained spectrum resources. Both releases are expected to increase the data carrying capacity of a given amount of spectrum and allow operators to launch more data-intensive services.Īri Kynäslahti, VP and CTO for strategy and technology at Nokia’s Mobile Networks division, explained during a 6G spectrum panel discussions that 6G technology should provide at least a five-times improvement in spectral efficiency compared to 5G. Separate panel discussions at the event looked at what the industry could expect from upcoming 3GPP Releases, specifically with Release 18 (5G-Advanced) and 19 (6G). BARCELONA, Spain – Wireless technology innovators have their sights set on 5G-Advanced and 6G technologies, however interviews and panel discussions at the MWC Barcelona 2023 event showcased that the advanced services promised by those network upgrades are going to be challenged by real-world spectrum constraints.

Spectra settings